Adolescent Cardiovascular Risk Factors Linked to Sedentary Lifestyle and Dietary Behaviors

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents have become an increasing public health concern worldwide. Sedentary lifestyles, prolonged screen time, physical inactivity, and unhealthy dietary behaviors contribute significantly to the early development of cardiovascular diseases. Identifying and addressing these modifiable risk factors during adolescence is essential for preventing future health complications.

Objective: To assess the association between sedentary lifestyle patterns, dietary behaviors, and cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 adolescents aged 12–17 years from selected schools. Data on physical activity, screen time, dietary habits, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and lipid profiles were collected using structured questionnaires and clinical assessments. Statistical analyses were performed to determine relationships between lifestyle behaviors and cardiovascular risk indicators.

Findings: The results revealed that 62% of participants engaged in more than 3 hours of daily screen time, while 58% reported low physical activity levels. Unhealthy dietary behaviors were observed in 65% of adolescents. Elevated BMI was identified in 34%, high blood pressure in 21%, and abnormal lipid profiles in 18% of participants. A significant association was found between sedentary behavior, poor dietary habits, and increased cardiovascular risk factors (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Sedentary lifestyles and unhealthy dietary behaviors significantly contribute to the development of cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents. Early lifestyle interventions promoting physical activity and healthy nutrition are essential to reduce future cardiovascular disease burden.