Factors Associated With Obstetrician And Gynecologist Compliance In Completing The Maternal And Child Health (MCH) Handbook: A Study Based On Kurt Lewin And Talcott Parsons Theories

Abstract

Background: The maternal and neonatal mortality rates in Indonesia remain high, and the Maternal and Child Health Handbook (MCH) is an essential tool for monitoring maternal and neonatal health. However, the utilization and complete documentation by obstetricians and gynecologists are still suboptimal. Objective: This study analyzes individual, unit, and organizational factors that influence obstetricians and gynecologists’ compliance in filling out the MCH book in Class C hospitals in Surabaya. Methods: This observational analytical study used a cross-sectional design conducted between October and December 2025 with a total population of 66 active obstetricians and gynecologists working in the obstetrics department of Class C hospitals in Surabaya. Data were collected through primary questionnaires and secondary observations of MCH books. Results: A total of 81.8% of specialist doctors were categorized as compliant in completing the MCH book. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression indicated that the compliance of obstetrics and gynecology specialists is influenced by organizational factors through the legitimacy of authority figures, whereas individual and unit factors do not have a significant effect. Conclusion: Individual, unit, and organizational factors influence obstetricians and gynecologists’ compliance. Although most doctors comply, individual factors (responsibility, time management, quality of interaction), unit factors (group norms and cohesion), and organizational factors (reward systems and authority legitimacy) only had a significant effect in the correlation model, but not in the logistic regression model. Compliance is predominantly determined by social and cultural group factors, as well as organizational leadership.