Therapeutic Role Of Bhramari Pranayama In The Management Of Depression: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Depression is a multifactorial psychiatric disorder characterized by persistent sadness, anhedonia, disturbed sleep, and impaired cognitive function. Although pharmacological and psychotherapeutic approaches remain standard treatment modalities, complementary and integrative practices such as yogic breathing techniques are increasingly being explored for their therapeutic potential. Bhramari Pranayama, a classical yogic breathing practice involving slow inhalation followed by humming exhalation, is traditionally described as a calming technique that stabilizes the mind. Ayurvedic literature conceptualizes depressive states under conditions such as Vishada, Chittodvega, and disturbances of Manovaha Srotas, primarily involving imbalance of Rajas and Tamas gunas.

This narrative review synthesizes classical Ayurvedic references, yogic textual descriptions, and contemporary scientific literature to explore the theoretical and practical relevance of Bhramari Pranayama in managing depression. Evidence suggests that Bhramari may modulate autonomic balance, reduce stress responses, improve emotional regulation, and enhance Sattva guna. Although current literature supports its psychological benefits, further well-designed studies are required to establish standardized therapeutic protocols.