Comparative Evaluation Of Conventional And Hydrophilic Pit & Fissure Sealants In Permanent First Molars Using Modified Ryge Criteria – A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

Background: Pit and fissure sealants are considered one of the most effective preventive strategies against occlusal dental caries in children. Moisture contamination during sealant placement is a major cause of sealant failure. Hydrophilic pit and fissure sealants have been introduced to improve retention and clinical success under moist conditions.

Aim: To comparatively evaluate the clinical performance of conventional and hydrophilic pit and fissure sealants in permanent first molars using Modified Ryge Criteria.

Methodology: A randomized clinical trial was conducted among children aged 6–12 years with fully erupted permanent first molars. Eligible participants were randomly allocated into two groups: Group I received conventional resin-based sealant and Group II received hydrophilic sealant. Clinical evaluation was performed at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months using Modified Ryge Criteria assessing retention, marginal adaptation, surface texture, discoloration, and secondary caries.

Results: Hydrophilic sealants demonstrated better retention and marginal adaptation compared to conventional sealants over the follow-up period. The difference was statistically significant at 12 months (p<0.05). Secondary caries occurrence was minimal in both groups.

Conclusion: Hydrophilic pit and fissure sealants showed superior clinical performance and may serve as a more reliable alternative in situations where ideal moisture control is difficult.