Exosomes: Nature’s Smart Nanocarriers For Drug Delivery-Biogenesis, Harvesting, And Challenges

Abstract

Exosomes are the communication channels between the cells. They are the small nanovesicle release by cells to influence  and adjust regeneration processes in our body. When cells want to communicate they just can’t send a message because we have a lot of enzymes in our body that designed to breakdown those messages. The messages that are important for our body we’re able to package them in a sort of protective shield known as exosomes and they’re liberated or released out of the cell and they’re protected from the environment so the enzymes can’t access the RNA, peptides or proteins that are inside those packages. The stem cells are the cells that try to communicate to the surrounding tissue they package the biological material in the exosomes . The exosomes move around the body and they find the target cells and release the message or biological material and the targeted cells then respond to the message by modulating, regenerating or doing something different. Due to their size and ability to transport biological contents to target cells, exosomes have been exploited as possible drug delivery vehicles and diagnostic indicators since their discovery. This article highlights the biogenesis , harvesting of exosomes to modify into drug delivery system and why is it considered potent for drug delivery system along with it applications and  in pharmaceuticals , challenges faced when using exosomes as a drug delivery vesicles.