Development of A Training Model For Race Walking Technique And Endurance in Athletes Aged 14–18 Years

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a training model for race walking technique and endurance for athletes aged 14–18 years. The research employed the Research and Development (R&D) method based on the Borg and Gall model. The research participants consisted of race walking athletes from Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. A total of 16 athletes participated in the small-group trial, 35 athletes in the large-group trial, and 32 athletes in the effectiveness test. Data were collected through field observations, interviews, questionnaires, race walking technique assessment tests, and endurance testing using the Balke Test. The findings revealed that: (1) a race walking technique and endurance training model specifically designed for athletes aged 14–18 years was successfully developed; (2) expert validation confirmed that 15 training models were feasible and appropriate for implementation; and (3) the developed training model was proven to be effective in improving both race walking technique and athletes' endurance after its implementation. These findings indicate that the developed training model can serve as an effective and practical training guideline for coaches in enhancing the technical performance and endurance capacity of young race walking athletes.