Perinatal Yoga For Maternal Mental Health and Sleep Quality: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background: The perinatal period involves substantial physiological and psychological changes that may negatively affect maternal mental health and sleep. Perinatal yoga may provide a safe, non-pharmacological approach to support maternal well-being.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effects of a structured perinatal yoga programme on maternal mental health and sleep quality.

Methods: Sixty women in the perinatal period were randomly allocated into two groups: the perinatal yoga group (PYG = 30) and the control group (CG = 30). The PYG participated in a structured perinatal yoga programme comprising appropriate yogic postures, breathing practices, relaxation, and meditation for 16 weeks, while the CG continued routine activities. Maternal mental health and sleep quality were assessed before and after the intervention using validated psychological and sleep assessment tools. An independent t test was used to determine between-group differences.

Results: The perinatal yoga group (PYG) demonstrated significant reductions in stress (mean difference = −4.70, p < 0.001), depression (−3.66, p < 0.001), and anxiety (−5.56, p < 0.001) following the intervention when compared to the control group (CG). Furthermore, sleep quality saw a significant improvement in the PYG, with a mean difference of −2.56 (p < 0.001). The effect sizes ranged from moderate to large, indicating meaningful enhancements resulting from the yoga intervention.

Conclusion: A structured perinatal yoga programme appears to be an effective complementary intervention for enhancing maternal mental health and sleep quality. Incorporating appropriately adapted yoga practices into perinatal care may promote maternal well-being and support healthier adaptation during pregnancy and the postpartum period.