Sleep Quality in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease in Western Maharashtra: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Sleep disturbances are common non-motor manifestations of Parkinson’s disease. Region-specific evidence from Western Maharashtra is limited.

Objectives: To assess sleep quality among patients with Parkinson’s disease, identify sleep-related problems, and determine associations between sleep quality and demographic and clinical variables.

Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive analytical study was conducted among 100 patients with Parkinson’s disease attending four neurology clinics in the Sangli, Miraj, and Kupwad Corporation area, Maharashtra, India. Participants were recruited using non-probability purposive sampling. Data were collected using a demographic and clinical questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale-2 (PDSS-2). Descriptive statistics summarized sleep-related scores. Associations between PSQI-defined sleep quality and selected variables were examined using the chi-square test, with P<0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results: Poor sleep quality was identified in 96% of participants. The highest mean PDSS-2 item scores were observed for excessive daytime sleepiness (3.44±1.02), overall sleep quality (3.20±1.09), insomnia (3.15±1.21), and frequent nocturnal awakenings (3.14±1.25). Sleep quality was significantly associated with age (χ²=41.05; P<0.001), Parkinson’s disease duration (χ²=40.15; P<0.001), comorbid medical conditions (χ²=36.12; P<0.001), and average sleep duration (χ²=38.88; P<0.001). No significant associations were observed with sex, marital status, smoking, or alcohol consumption.

Conclusions: Poor sleep quality was prevalent in this sample. Assessment using validated sleep instruments may support early recognition of sleep problems and individualized multidisciplinary care.