Effectiveness of Breast Self-Examination Training on The Skills of ASHA Workers in Selected Government Health Centers of Sangli District

Abstract

Objective

To assess the effectiveness of structured breast self-examination (BSE) training on the practical skills of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) working in selected government health centers of Sangli district, Maharashtra.

Methods

A quantitative quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test control group design was adopted. Seventy ASHA workers were selected through purposive sampling and assigned to an experimental group (n=35) and a control group (n=35). Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and a BSE skills observational checklist. The experimental group received a one-day structured BSE training programme consisting of lecture-cum-demonstration and hands-on practice using breast models. BSE skills were assessed before the intervention and on the eighth day in both groups. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis.

Results

The experimental group demonstrated a marked improvement in BSE skills. The mean pre-test score increased from 9.40±2.92 to 21.14±2.48 after training, with a statistically significant paired t value of 24.6 (p<0.001). In the control group, the mean score increased from 9.71±3.85 to 10.94±4.02, which was not statistically significant (t=1.7, p>0.05). The post-test mean score was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (21.14±2.48 vs. 10.94±4.02; t=12.8, p<0.001). Following training, 97% of experimental-group participants demonstrated good competence compared with 11% of controls. Baseline BSE skill was significantly associated with age, educational level and years of ASHA experience.

Conclusion

Structured, skill-based BSE training was highly effective in improving the practical BSE skills of ASHA workers. Regular competency-based training of frontline health workers may strengthen community-level breast health promotion and early detection activities.