Occupational Safety and Chemical Exposure Among Female Tea Pluckers: A Comparative Review from Assam, Uk, And Japan

Abstract

This thematic review examines chemical exposure, health outcomes, and occupational safety practices among female tea pluckers in Assam, India. It provides a comparative analysis of regulatory frameworks and best practices in the United Kingdom and Japan. Female tea workers in Assam are disproportionately exposed to hazardous agrochemicals, often facing inadequate workplace protections and limited awareness regarding personal protective equipment (PPE) use. Literature indicates a range of health issues linked to such exposures, including skin diseases, respiratory ailments, and reproductive health problems. The review explores the factors influencing compliance with occupational safety standards, such as socio-economic constraints, gender roles, and gaps in policy enforcement. In contrast, the United Kingdom and Japan have established robust occupational health systems, emphasising comprehensive legislation, regular monitoring, and worker training to minimise chemical risks. Comparative analysis highlights the effectiveness of these interventions in reducing occupational hazards and promoting PPE adoption. The findings underscore the disparities in occupational health standards and the urgent need for context-specific improvements in Assam. The review advocates for stronger policy enforcement, enhanced worker education, and adaptation of international best practices to local realities. These steps are essential for safeguarding the health and well-being of female tea pluckers, ensuring both social justice and sustainable development in the region.