Comparison of Plasma Fibrinogen Levels in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease According To The Presence of Conventional Cardiovascular Risk Factors Including Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, and Smoking

Abstract

Objective: To compare plasma fibrinogen levels in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) according to the presence of conventional cardiovascular risk factors, namely hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking.

Methods: A hospital-based observational study was conducted among patients diagnosed with CHD. Plasma fibrinogen levels were measured using standard laboratory methods. Patients were categorized based on the presence or absence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking history. Mean fibrinogen levels were compared between groups using appropriate statistical tests.

Results: Among the 100 patients with coronary heart disease, fibrinogen levels were significantly higher in patients with hypertension than in non-hypertensive patients (465.31 ± 4.02 vs. 453.10 ± 4.30 mg/dL, p < 0.001). Similarly, diabetic patients had higher fibrinogen levels than non-diabetic patients (466.42 ± 3.58 vs. 454.42 ± 4.81 mg/dL, p < 0.001), while smokers showed higher levels than non-smokers (467.51 ± 3.31 vs. 455.68 ± 5.34 mg/dL, p < 0.001). Thus, elevated fibrinogen levels were significantly associated with conventional cardiovascular risk factors.

Conclusion: Plasma fibrinogen levels were significantly elevated in CHD patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking habits. Fibrinogen may serve as an important inflammatory and thrombotic biomarker associated with conventional cardiovascular risk factors and disease severity.