Excessive Digital Screen Exposure in Early Childhood: Three Cases of Autism-like Presentation and Implications for Pediatric Dental Care

Abstract

Background

Excessive digital screen exposure during early childhood has been associated with delayed language acquisition, autism-like behavioural characteristics with developmental and behavioural contributes to communication difficulties and challenges effective dental care.

Case Presentation

This case series describes three young boys aged 2.5–7 years presented with dental pain or caries, with a history of prolonged digital screen exposure (>7-8 hours) beginning within the first year of life. All 3 presented with autism-like developmental features, challenges in communication and required special behavioural modelling in pediatric dental facility. All had delayed speech, poor eye contact and impaired social interaction. Two had previously been diagnosed with ASD and one was referred for developmental assessment. Dental treatment was performed under conscious sedation for the first patient and using behavioural modelling techniques for the third patient, while the second patient underwent oral hygiene training. Counselling regarding appropriate screen-use practices and referred for multidisciplinary management, including developmental evaluation, speech therapy, and occupational therapy were given to the caregiver. At the 6-month follow-up, two children showed improvements in communication and behavioural cooperation during dental care after implementation of screen withdrawal and multidisciplinary intervention.

Conclusion

These cases underscore the important role of pediatric dentists in recognizing early developmental or behavioural changes, educating parents and timely referral for multidisciplinary assessment and intervention along with behavioural management strategies supported comprehensive preventive and curative dental care.