Adipokine Dysregulation: Insights into Adiponectin, Leptin, and Their Impact on Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

Adipokines, specifically adiponectin and leptin, play significant roles in metabolic functions and have been associated with the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. This paper reviews a comprehensive amount of literature on the role of adiponectin and leptin in metabolic syndrome through their association with obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular risk factors. A possible biomarker of MetS can emerge as a leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (LAR) representing the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory adipokines. Understanding how these adipokines interact offers potential therapeutic targets for the management of MetS.