Adesão ao protocolo de quimioprofi laxia do HIV por adolescentes vítimas de violência sexual: Revisão integrativa

Adherence to HIV chemoprophylaxis protocol by adolescents victims of sexual violence: Integrative Review

Abstract

Objective: To present a review of the literature exploring the issue of adherence to antiretroviral HIV prophylaxis among
adolescent victims of sexual violence, consolidating and scoring these fi ndings. Methods: We conducted a search for
papers related to the topic of interest published in journals indexed in the MedLine, LILACS, SciELO, IBECS and PubMed
databases, using the following descriptors in Portuguese and English: sexual violence, chemoprophylaxis, patients dropping
out of treatment, teenager, medication adherence and HIV. Conclusion: There was agreement among the authors on the
recommendation to start the HIV chemoprophylaxis protocol for sexual assault victims within up to 72 hours after the
assault. Studies show that 46% to 85% of these victims fail to complete their chemoprophylactic protocols. The factors mentioned most frequently to explain this lack of adherence to treatment were: psychological and/or emotional disorders,
lack of understanding of prescriptions, side effects, and the lack of fi nancial resources for returning to the clinic. As few
studies address the adolescent population, there is a need for future surveys exploring the specifi c characteristics that cause
these victims to drop out of treatment, helping enhance the quality of care offered to this group.