Adolescent Health Disparities and Strategies for Achieving Equitable Healthcare Access and Outcomes

Abstract

Background: Health disparities among adolescents continue to be a global challenge, with disparities in access to health care, health education and resources contributing to an inequitable distribution. Multifaceted factors including socioeconomic status, geographic region, gender and cultural differences play a role in shaping health outcomes during this vital transition period. Objective: This research will explore the magnitude of inequality in adolescent health and assess approaches in equitable access to health care and health outcomes. Methodology: We undertook a narrative review of recent articles, policy documents and global guidelines such as those of the World Health Organization. Research centred on adolescents aged 10-19 years and inequalities in access and outcomes of health care was considered. Data were thematically analysed. Findings: Our review concludes there are substantial gaps in health, mental health and reproductive health among young people, especially in resource-poor and disadvantaged settings. Approaches like community engagement, policy changes, school health initiatives, and digital health strategies are promising in improving access and reducing disparities. Conclusion: To eliminate adolescent health disparities we must use cross-sectoral, equity-oriented strategies that embed policy, community and health system strengthening to advocate for equitable and sustainable access to healthcare.