Substance use Behaviors among Adolescents and their Long-Term Health and Social Consequences

Abstract

Background:Substance use amongst adolescents is a recent critical public health issue worldwide as youths are becoming increasingly exposed to alcohol, tobacco, and illicit substances at the crucial developmental stages. The premature nature is linked with various negative effects that can be carried into the adult life not only in terms of health, but also in terms of social welfare. Objective: This work seeks to discuss the issue of substance use behaviors in adolescents, as well as to evaluate its health and social outcomes in the long-term. Methodology: Qualitative review of the existing literature has been done and it is based on peer reviewed journal articles, reports and epidemiological studies on substance use patterns among teenagers and their results.  Findings: The results show that teenage substance abuse is closely related to chronic mental illness, cognitive disabilities, addiction, and higher chances of chronic illness. Social impacts are low academic achievement, joblessness, criminal activities, and low interpersonal relationships. Health and social factors tend to develop a disadvantage cycle. Conclusion: The problem of adolescent substance use needs a multifaceted approach (family, school, and policy) that addresses the issue in its entirety. Intervention at the early stages is needed to reduce the adverse outcomes in the long-term and enhance healthier developmental paths.