Nutritional Patterns and their Association with Growth and Development among Adolescent Populations

Abstract

Background: The teenage years (10-19 years of age) is a pivotal time of growth, development and maturation. This is a crucial time for health, with dietary patterns during this period playing an important role in health, but many populations have poor dietary patterns and are at risk of micronutrient deficiencies. Objective: To investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and growth and development in adolescents. Methodology: Adolescents (10-19 years) were examined in a cross-sectional study. Dietary consumption was assessed via a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and 24-hour dietary recall. Nutrition assessment was made based on anthropometric measures such as height, weight and body mass index (BMI). Growth measures, developmental outcomes, including cognitive function and academic performance were also collected. Correlation and regression analysis were applied to identify dietary patterns and potential links to the outcomes. Results: The study found that teens following diverse dietary patterns with intake of fruits, vegetables and proteins had improved growth indicators and brain functions. On the other hand, consumption of high quantities of processed foods and soft drinks were found to be associated with higher risks of undernutrition or overweight and worse outcomes. Conclusion: Adolescent growth and development are greatly impacted by nutritional patterns. Encouraging well-balanced diets and dietary education can improve health and promote best outcomes in adolescence.