Hormonal contraception in adolescence: new options

Abstract

The fertility rate among adolescents has been increasing, while the general population has been declining worldwide. The increasing rate of unwanted pregnancies during adolescence and their complications, as well as the high incidence of incorrect use and abandonment of contraceptive methods, make us think about the need for new contraceptive options. The pill is the most popular form of reversible contraception due to its high efficacy and ease of use. Injectable hormonal contraceptives are also used by adolescents, as they provide greater discretion. Among the newest options are the subdermal implant, which can remain in use for three years; the transdermal patch, which must be changed weekly; and the vaginal ring, for monthly use. These contraceptive methods provide security and independence to sexually active adolescents. The concept of dual protection, however, cannot be forgotten, due to the high incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), such as AIDS. Adolescents using a highly effective contraceptive method should be instructed not to forego the use of condoms. The biggest challenge in medical practice, for those who treat teenagers, is making them adapt the chosen method to their lifestyle.