Assessing The Effectiveness Of Perinatal Interventions In Reducing Maternal And Neonatal Mortality Rates

Abstract

Background: Perinatal interventions such as antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal care translates into effectiveness in lowering maternal and neonatal deaths. Although global improvements have been made, preventable maternal and neonatal deaths, which resulted from complications like haemorrhage, infections, preterm delivery, and birth asphyxia, are a significant public health challenge, especially in developing countries. Objective: To evaluate the impact of multiple perinatal interventions on maternal and neonatal death rates. Methodology: A tertiary health institution was examined in a retrospective cohort study, which analysed 1,500 births from 2019 to 2024. Interventions included early identification of risks, skilled birth attendance, emergency obstetric and newborn care, resuscitation and postnatal care. Results were compared to baseline (2014-2018). Descriptive and inferential statistical tests were used. Findings: Perinatal interventions significantly reduced maternal mortality (30%) and neonatal mortality (38%). The prevalence of birth asphyxia decreased by 28% and institutional deliveries grew by 35%. These reductions were achieved through better antenatal services and appropriate and timely care. Conclusion: Integrated perinatal interventions have a great impact on maternal and neonatal deaths. Improved integrated care and access to quality care services are crucial to maintain progress.